Fundamentals of Nursing Review Questions Part II | NCLEX Review

1. Which of the following procedures always requires surgical asepsis?
1. Vaginal instillation of conjugated estrogen
2. Urinary catheterization
3. Nasogastric tube insertion
4. Colostomy irrigation
2. Sterile technique is used whenever:
1. Strict isolation is required
2. Terminal disinfection is performed
3. Invasive procedures are performed
4. Protective isolation is necessary
3. Which of the following constitutes a break in sterile technique while preparing a sterile field for a dressing change?
1. Using sterile forceps, rather than sterile gloves, to handle a sterile item
2. Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves
3. Placing a sterile object on the edge of the sterile field
4. Pouring out a small amount of solution (15 to 30 ml) before pouring the solution into a sterile container
4. A natural body defense that plays an active role in preventing infection is:
1. Yawning
2. Body hair
3. Hiccupping
4. Rapid eye movements
5. All of the following statement are true about donning sterile gloves except:
1. The first glove should be picked up by grasping the inside of the cuff.
2. The second glove should be picked up by inserting the gloved fingers under the cuff outside the glove.
3. The gloves should be adjusted by sliding the gloved fingers under the sterile cuff and pulling the glove over the wrist
4. The inside of the glove is considered sterile

1. B. The urinary system is normally free of microorganisms except at the urinary meatus. Any procedure that involves entering this system must use surgically aseptic measures to maintain a bacteria-free state.
2. C. All invasive procedures, including surgery, catheter insertion, and administration of parenteral therapy, require sterile technique to maintain a sterile environment. All equipment must be sterile, and the nurse and the physician must wear sterile gloves and maintain surgical asepsis. In the operating room, the nurse and physician are required to wear sterile gowns, gloves, masks, hair covers, and shoe covers for all invasive procedures. Strict isolation requires the use of clean gloves, masks, gowns and equipment to prevent the transmission of highly communicable diseases by contact or by airborne routes. Terminal disinfection is the disinfection of all contaminated supplies and equipment after a patient has been discharged to prepare them for reuse by another patient. The purpose of protective (reverse) isolation is to prevent a person with seriously impaired resistance from coming into contact who potentially pathogenic organisms.
3. C. The edges of a sterile field are considered contaminated. When sterile items are allowed to come in contact with the edges of the field, the sterile items also become contaminated.
4. B. Hair on or within body areas, such as the nose, traps and holds particles that contain microorganisms. Yawning and hiccupping do not prevent microorganisms from entering or leaving the body. Rapid eye movement marks the stage of sleep during which dreaming occurs.
5. D. The inside of the glove is always considered to be clean, but not sterile.